Is giving or receiving psychologically beneficial to older mothers in South Korea? Importance of marital status

In order to understand intergenerational financial transfers and subjective well-being for older mothers, this study argues that marital status is an important factor to be considered. Using the first wave of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA), this study finds that married older mothers report higher levels of life satisfaction when they provide economic support but widowed older mothers feel higher levels of life satisfaction when they receive economic support. Also, regular or irregular financial support appears to also matter in the associations between financial support and life satisfaction. These findings suggest that married and widowed older mothers have different viewpoints about the parent-children relationship.     

日据时期海南岛上的日语教育研究

日军侵占海南岛后,在短时间内建立起了从幼儿园、小学、中学到农业学校、师范学校的比较完整的日语教育体系。由于起步晚,持续时间短等原因,海南日语教育尚未达到规范化程度,各校间的教育情况差别较大,具有较强的随意性。然而无论在哪一级学校,日语教育都处于绝对核心地位。日语教育的目的在于摧毁岛民的反抗力,抹杀岛民的民族性,为永久占领海南岛奠定文化基础。     

Racial/Ethnic Patterns of Kindergarten School Enrollment in the United States

Enrollment into unequal schools at the start of formal education is an important mechanism for the reproduction of racial/ethnic educational inequalities. We examine whether there are racial/ethnic differences in school enrollment options at kindergarten, the start of schooling. We use nationally representative data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study‐Birth Cohort (ECLS‐B) to model whether parents seek information about their child's school before enrolling, whether parents move to a location so that a child can attend a certain school, or whether parents enroll their child in a school other than the assigned public school. Results indicate that enrollment patterns differ greatly across race/ethnicity. Whereas Black families are the most likely to seek information on a school's performance, White families are the most likely to use the elite option of choosing their residential location to access a particular school. These differences persist when controlling for socioeconomic status and sociogeographic location. Kindergarten enrollment patterns preserve the advantages of White families, perpetuating racial/ethnic disparities through multiple institutions and contributing to intergenerational processes of social stratification. Research should continue to examine specific educational consequences of housing inequities and residential segregation.     

我国农村女性地位的嬗变及其社会心理——性别平等视野下的分析

正是由于人类社会男人与女人两大主体的相辅而行，才有了人类社会的文明进步，但女性在参与社会多种活动中遇到的阻力远远超过男性。影响农村女性地位提高的不仅是经济因素，还有社会心理因素，即文化素质偏低、心理素质较差、政治素质偏低、身体素质欠佳及各种偏见和阻力的存在。国家应从实行倾斜性保护政策、为农村女性创造参与社会的条件和机会、提高农村女性的心理素质等方面，积极营造良好的社会心理氛围，以提高我国农村女性的地位。     

浙江省中小企业创新现状、问题及原因分析

中小企业占我国企业总数的99%以上,对GDP的贡献大约占六成,税收贡献约40%[1],同时解决大约75%就业[2].因此,中小企业发展问题至关重要.在当今转型升级背景下,如何提高中小企业创新能力,增强中小企业的竞争能力,成为国民经济发展战略的重要内容.本课题组立足浙江省中小企业创新现状和全面创新能力现状的调查,对中小企业创新过程中存在的问题进行深入分析,并对问题的深层次原因进行了探讨.     

Till Death Do Us Part: Marital Status and U.S. Mortality Trends, 1986 – 2000

Although the association of being married and a lower mortality rate has been well established, most previous research on marital status and mortality did not consider potential change in this relationship over time. In this study, I adopted a survey cohort perspective to examine both overall and cause‐specific mortality trends by marital status from 1986 to 2000 in the United States. On the basis of data from the National Health Interview Survey‐Longitudinal Mortality Follow‐up (N = 517,314), I found that mortality generally decreased or remained stable for the married from the 1986 to 2000 NHIS cohort, except for diabetes deaths. There is evidence showing divergent mortality trends between the married and unmarried, especially the widowed. Race and gender variations are examined.     

山寨制造的正名及调控

山寨制造和山寨文化的泛化，使中国信用建设遭遇了前所未有的挑战。规制山寨，一方面是重构社会信用体系，另一方面是建立中国标准，掀起世界产业革命，提高中国在国际标准和国际规则方面的话语权和决定权。我们必须进一步厘清山寨文化的各种表现、真实本质和国际比较，做好山塞制造的规范和调控，从而实现中国信用建设的科学发展。     

我国网络新闻传播专业教育现状的思考

本文从当前我国网络新闻传播专业教育的现状入手，论析现阶段我国网络新闻传播专业教育的相关问题。     

旅游综合服务的营销现状分析——以长春地区为例

论述吉林省省会长春的旅游业情况，借此指出阻碍整个旅游行业运营的原因及未来发展的需求与机会，最终形成一项长期可持续发展的战略规划，以利于实现长春旅游业发展的目标，即通过为游客提供多方面的高附加价值的功能来培育地区的旅游产业，使其成为一个持续、核心的产业。     

秦皇岛明长城券门雕刻艺术特色及现状调查

在秦皇岛境内的300余km明代长城中，有近千座敌楼，保存完整和较为完整的约占半数，在这些敌楼上都有券门和券窗，在很多券门上刻着具有很高艺术价值的浮雕装饰，他们利用当地特有的材料，就地取材进行创作，风格各异，材质变化丰富，使原本冰冷的军事防御工事，增添了许多文化气息和人文关怀，然而由于近年来缺少相应的保护措施，使得大部分精美作品遭到了不同程度的破坏和损毁，合理利用和保护这些文化遗产是迫在眉睫的事情。